Nestled in the Gulf of Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe is Africa’s second-smallest nation and perhaps its most enchanting hidden treasure. This two-island paradise combines pristine beaches, lush rainforests, volcanic landscapes, and a rich colonial history into an unforgettable destination. Far from the well-trodden tourist paths, these islands offer authentic experiences for travelers seeking natural beauty and cultural immersion. From world-class chocolate plantations to untouched beaches where turtles nest undisturbed, Sao Tome and Principe delivers a rare blend of adventure and tranquility that few destinations can match.
Breathtaking Beaches
1. Praia Banana (Principe)
Made famous by a 1990s Bacardi rum commercial, this crescent-shaped golden beach on Principe Island is framed by swaying palm trees and crystal-clear waters. Its secluded location means you’ll often have this slice of paradise entirely to yourself. The calm, shallow waters make it perfect for swimming and snorkeling among colorful tropical fish.
2. Praia Jalé (Sao Tome)
Located on the southern tip of Sao Tome, this stunning beach is a crucial nesting site for sea turtles. Between November and February, visitors can witness the magical sight of turtles laying eggs or hatchlings making their way to the ocean. The nearby Praia Jalé Eco Lodge offers simple accommodations for those wanting to maximize their chances of seeing this natural spectacle.
3. Praia Piscina (Sao Tome)
Named “Swimming Pool Beach” for its natural rock pools that form perfect bathing areas at low tide, this beach offers a unique swimming experience. The volcanic rocks create protected pools of crystal-clear water, ideal for families and those seeking calm waters. The contrast between the black volcanic rocks and turquoise water makes for stunning photographs.
4. Praia Micondó (Sao Tome)
This expansive beach on the east coast features golden sand stretching for miles, backed by coconut palms and tropical vegetation. The powerful Atlantic waves make it less suitable for swimming but perfect for beachcombing and photography. Visit early morning to catch local fishermen bringing in their colorful wooden boats with the day’s catch.
5. Praia Inhame (Sao Tome)
This picturesque beach in the south offers a perfect balance of natural beauty and basic amenities. The adjacent Praia Inhame Eco Lodge provides comfortable accommodations right on the beachfront. The calm waters are excellent for swimming, while the surrounding area offers opportunities for hiking through nearby cocoa plantations.
6. Lagoa Azul (Blue Lagoon)
Though not technically a beach, this sheltered blue lagoon on the northwest coast of Sao Tome offers some of the island’s best snorkeling. Protected by volcanic rocks, the crystal-clear waters host an abundance of tropical fish and coral formations. The surrounding area features small, secluded coves perfect for a private picnic or peaceful sunbathing session.
7. Praia Sete Ondas (Seven Waves Beach)
Located near the capital city, this beach gets its name from the seven distinct wave patterns that can be observed here. Though not ideal for swimming due to strong currents, it’s perfect for surfing enthusiasts and those who appreciate dramatic coastal scenery. The beach is easily accessible from São Tomé city, making it a popular weekend spot for locals.
Natural Wonders & Parks
8. Obo National Park
Covering nearly 30% of the nation’s territory, this vast national park protects the islands’ remarkable biodiversity. Home to over 700 plant species and 143 bird species, many of which are endemic, Obo offers unparalleled opportunities for nature lovers. The park spans both islands and features dense rainforest, mountain ranges, mangroves, and coastal zones.
9. Pico Cão Grande (Great Dog Peak)
This dramatic 663-meter needle-shaped volcanic plug rises suddenly from the surrounding rainforest, creating one of the most iconic landscapes in Sao Tome. The towering monolith, shrouded in mist and covered with vegetation, resembles something from a fantasy world. While climbing is only for experienced mountaineers, the views of this natural skyscraper from the surrounding areas are unforgettable.
10. Boca do Inferno (Hell’s Mouth)
This spectacular natural phenomenon on Sao Tome’s west coast features powerful ocean waves crashing into a narrow rock crevice, creating dramatic water explosions and thunderous sounds. The name “Hell’s Mouth” perfectly captures the raw power on display as the Atlantic Ocean forces its way through volcanic rock formations. The surrounding black sand beaches and coconut groves add to the dramatic scenery.
11. Lagoa Amelia
This extinct volcanic crater in the highlands of Sao Tome offers a mystical hiking experience through cloud forests to reach a hidden crater lake. The trail passes through agricultural lands before entering dense primary rainforest filled with endemic plants and birds. According to local legend, the crater was once home to a beautiful woman named Amelia who still haunts the misty forests.
12. Cascata São Nicolau
This accessible waterfall near Roça Monte Café offers a refreshing natural swimming pool surrounded by lush vegetation. The multi-tiered falls create several bathing pools of varying depths, making it suitable for both swimmers and non-swimmers. The short hike to reach the falls takes you through coffee plantations and secondary forest, offering glimpses of local agriculture and wildlife.
13. Ilhéu das Rolas (Equator Island)
This small islet off the southern tip of Sao Tome is bisected by the equator line, allowing visitors to stand with one foot in each hemisphere. Beyond this geographical novelty, the island offers some of the archipelago’s best beaches and snorkeling opportunities. A monument marks the equator crossing point, making for a unique photo opportunity that few travelers can claim.
14. Bombaim Waterfall
Located in the central highlands, this dramatic waterfall cascades down multiple tiers through dense rainforest. The challenging hike to reach it rewards visitors with few fellow tourists and a pristine natural environment. The falls are most impressive during the rainy season when the volume of water creates a thunderous display of nature’s power.
Historical & Cultural Sites
15. Fortaleza de São Sebastião
Built in 1566, this Portuguese fortress in São Tomé city now houses the National Museum, showcasing the islands’ complex history. The well-preserved stone structure offers insights into the colonial era and the plantation economy that shaped the nation. Exhibits include artifacts from the slave trade period, traditional crafts, and natural history specimens.
16. São Tomé Cathedral
Dating back to the 16th century, this cathedral in the capital city represents one of the oldest Catholic churches in Sub-Saharan Africa. Though rebuilt several times throughout its history, the cathedral maintains its historical significance and architectural charm. The simple interior contrasts with the ornate façade, reflecting the blend of European and African influences that characterize the islands.
17. Presidential Palace
This elegant colonial building in São Tomé city, dating from the 19th century, serves as the official residence of the president. While not open to the public, its impressive white façade and manicured gardens make it a noteworthy landmark. The building exemplifies the Portuguese colonial architecture that defines much of the capital city’s historic center.
18. Roça Água Izé
Once one of the largest cocoa plantations in the world, this historic estate offers a glimpse into the islands’ colonial past. The partially abandoned buildings, including the impressive hospital on a hill, create an atmosphere of faded grandeur. Visitors can explore the grounds and learn about the plantation system that dominated the islands’ economy for centuries.
19. Roça São João dos Angolares
This beautifully restored plantation now houses one of the islands’ finest restaurants, run by renowned chef João Carlos Silva. Beyond culinary delights, the estate offers insights into plantation life and sustainable agriculture. The restaurant serves a nine-course tasting menu featuring locally sourced ingredients prepared with both traditional and innovative techniques.
20. Roça Monte Café
Founded in 1850, this historic coffee plantation in the highlands now functions as the National Coffee Museum. Visitors can learn about the entire coffee production process and sample some of the islands’ distinctive coffee. The plantation’s location offers cooler temperatures and stunning views of the surrounding mountains and forests.
21. Claudio Corallo Chocolate Factory
Located in São Tomé city, this factory offers tours and tastings of what many consider the world’s finest chocolate. The Italian chocolatier Claudio Corallo grows cacao on Principe and processes it using traditional methods that maximize flavor while minimizing additives. The guided tour explains the bean-to-bar process and culminates in a tasting of various chocolate products.
Historic Plantations (Roças)
22. Roça Sundy (Principe)
This historic plantation on Principe Island has been transformed into a luxury eco-resort while preserving its colonial architecture. It was here that Sir Arthur Eddington proved Einstein’s Theory of Relativity during the 1919 solar eclipse. The beautifully restored buildings now house comfortable accommodations surrounded by lush gardens and primary rainforest.
23. Roça Belo Monte (Principe)
Perched on a hill overlooking the Atlantic Ocean, this former cocoa plantation offers some of the most spectacular views in Principe. The partially restored colonial mansion now functions as a boutique hotel with period furnishings and atmospheric charm. The property includes access to the famous Banana Beach, made famous by a Bacardi rum commercial.
24. Roça Paciência (Principe)
This remote plantation in Principe’s interior offers a glimpse into the island’s agricultural history and natural beauty. The abandoned buildings are slowly being reclaimed by the jungle, creating a hauntingly beautiful landscape. Hiking trails from the plantation lead to pristine forests and hidden waterfalls rarely visited by tourists.
25. Roça Bombaim (Sao Tome)
Located in the central highlands, this historic plantation features well-preserved colonial architecture and offers access to the impressive Bombaim Waterfall. The plantation’s hospital building has been partially restored and provides insights into healthcare during the colonial era. The surrounding forests are home to numerous endemic bird species, making it a popular spot for birdwatchers.
26. Roça Monte Forte
This active plantation operates as a cooperative of local farmers who continue to produce high-quality organic cocoa. Visitors can learn about sustainable farming practices and the social impact of cooperative agriculture. The plantation employs over 2,000 people, with women making up 38% of the workforce, demonstrating how traditional industries can adapt to modern ethical standards.
27. Roça Agostinho Neto
Named after Angola’s first president, this once-grand plantation features an impressive hospital building designed to resemble a church. The partially abandoned complex offers a fascinating glimpse into the scale of colonial plantation operations. The main building’s unique architecture makes it one of the most photographed structures on the islands.
28. Roça Saudade
This smaller plantation offers a more intimate look at cocoa production and colonial life. The name, meaning “nostalgia” or “longing” in Portuguese, perfectly captures the atmosphere of this historic site. Local guides can explain the cocoa fermentation and drying process that continues to this day using traditional methods.
Towns & Villages
29. São Tomé City
The capital city blends Portuguese colonial architecture with African vibrancy, creating a charming urban experience. The compact city center is easily explored on foot, with highlights including the Presidential Palace, the Cathedral, and the bustling Central Market. The colorful buildings, many in need of restoration, create a photogenic cityscape that feels frozen in time.
30. Santo Antonio (Principe)
The tiny capital of Principe Island charms visitors with its colorful buildings and laid-back atmosphere. With just a few thousand inhabitants, this small town offers a glimpse into island life at its most relaxed. The picturesque main square, colonial church, and small fishing harbor create a postcard-perfect scene.
31. Santana
This coastal village on Sao Tome’s east coast offers an authentic glimpse into local life outside the capital. The community centers around fishing and small-scale agriculture, with a vibrant local market and friendly residents. Visitors can observe traditional wooden boat construction and fishing techniques that have remained unchanged for generations.
32. Neves
Located on the northwest coast, this industrial town is home to the islands’ main port facilities and offers insights into the working side of Sao Tome. Despite its industrial character, the surrounding beaches and countryside offer natural beauty. The town’s history as an important shipping point for cocoa exports is evident in its infrastructure.
33. Trindade
This highland town in the interior of Sao Tome offers cooler temperatures and access to coffee plantations and rainforest hikes. The weekly market attracts farmers from surrounding areas selling fresh produce and handcrafts. The town serves as a gateway to Obo National Park and several impressive waterfalls.
34. Santa Catarina
This small fishing village marks the end of the road on Sao Tome’s west coast, offering a truly remote experience. The black sand beaches and dramatic coastline create a wild, untamed atmosphere rarely found in today’s world. Local fishermen still use traditional methods to harvest the rich waters offshore.
35. São João dos Angolares
Named after Angolan slaves who escaped a shipwreck in 1540, this coastal community maintains distinct cultural traditions. The village is now famous for its restaurant at Roça São João, which celebrates local cuisine and ingredients. The surrounding area offers beautiful beaches and hiking opportunities through cocoa plantations.
Spectacular Viewpoints
36. Pico de São Tomé
The highest point in the country at 2,024 meters offers panoramic views across the entire island and out to sea. The challenging two-day trek to the summit takes hikers through multiple ecological zones, from rainforest to cloud forest to high-altitude meadows. Guides are essential for this adventure, which requires good fitness and preparation.
37. Pico Papagaio (Principe)
This distinctive peak on Principe Island reaches approximately 700 meters and offers spectacular views of the island’s northern coast. The challenging trek through primary rainforest rewards hikers with sightings of endemic birds and plants. From the summit, the panoramic views of Principe’s dramatic topography and coastline are simply breathtaking.
38. Nova Estrela Viewpoint (Principe)
This accessible viewpoint offers some of the best vistas on Principe without requiring a strenuous hike. From here, visitors can appreciate the island’s dramatic volcanic landscape and lush vegetation. On clear days, the views extend across much of the island and out to the Atlantic Ocean.
39. Miradouro Lagoa Azul
This roadside viewpoint offers spectacular views of the Blue Lagoon and São Tomé’s northern coastline. The elevated position allows photographers to capture the full beauty of the lagoon’s turquoise waters contrasting with the surrounding black volcanic rocks. The spot is easily accessible by car or as part of a north island tour.
40. Bom Sucesso Botanical Garden Viewpoint
Located within the botanical garden in the central highlands, this viewpoint offers spectacular vistas of the surrounding mountains and forests. The elevation provides a cooler climate and clear views on days when coastal areas might be shrouded in clouds. The botanical garden itself showcases the islands’ remarkable plant diversity, including many endemic species.
41. Roça Agostinho Neto Belvedere
The upper floors of this plantation’s imposing hospital building offer sweeping views of the surrounding countryside and coastline. The elevated position of this once-grand plantation hospital provides a perfect vantage point for photographers. The contrast between the decaying colonial architecture and the lush natural surroundings creates a hauntingly beautiful scene.
42. Marco do Equador (Equator Mark)
Located on Ilhéu das Rolas, this monument marking the equator also offers beautiful panoramic views of the surrounding ocean and nearby Sao Tome. The elevated position of the monument makes it an excellent spot for sunset photography. Visitors can literally stand with one foot in each hemisphere while enjoying the spectacular vistas.
Unique Experiences & Activities
43. Turtle Watching at Praia Jalé
Between November and February, visitors can witness the magical spectacle of endangered sea turtles nesting on the beaches of southern Sao Tome. Guided night tours allow responsible observation of these ancient creatures as they lay their eggs in the sand. For the truly fortunate, witnessing the hatching of baby turtles making their perilous journey to the sea is an unforgettable experience.
44. Scuba Diving with Atlantic Diving Center
Explore the underwater world around Sao Tome with the island’s premier diving operation based at Club Santana. The volcanic underwater topography, warm waters, and abundant marine life offer excellent diving for all experience levels. Highlights include encounters with sea turtles, rays, and countless tropical fish species against a backdrop of dramatic lava formations.
45. Mangrove Boat Tour
Glide through the mystical mangrove forests of southern Sao Tome on a traditional wooden boat. These unique ecosystems serve as crucial nurseries for marine life and habitat for numerous bird species. Watch for mudskippers, crabs, and kingfishers as your guide navigates the narrow channels between the tangled mangrove roots.
46. Birdwatching in Principe
With the highest density of endemic birds worldwide, the islands offer exceptional birdwatching opportunities, particularly on Principe. Guided tours help spot rare species like the Principe Sunbird and Principe Starling that exist nowhere else on Earth. Early morning excursions provide the best chance to observe these colorful and unique birds in their natural habitat.
47. Cycling the West Coast Road
Rent bicycles to explore the scenic west coast road from Mucumbli Lodge to Santa Catarina. The relatively flat coastal route passes through small villages, cocoa plantations, and offers stunning ocean views. The light traffic and frequent shade make this an enjoyable ride even for casual cyclists.
48. Snorkeling Boat Trip (Principe)
Explore the pristine bays and coves of northern Principe on a snorkeling expedition to spots rarely visited by tourists. The clear waters offer excellent visibility to observe colorful reef fish, coral formations, and occasionally larger marine visitors. Many trips include stops at deserted beaches accessible only by boat.
49. Traditional Fishing Experience
Join local fishermen for a morning at sea using traditional methods that have sustained island communities for generations. Learn techniques for catching various species using hand lines and nets from wooden canoes. The experience offers cultural insights and often concludes with a beach cookout featuring the day’s catch.
Where to Stay
50. Sundy Praia (Principe)
This luxury eco-resort features tented villas nestled between the rainforest and a pristine beach on Principe Island. The sustainable design incorporates local materials and minimizes environmental impact while providing world-class comfort. The resort’s restaurant serves innovative cuisine using ingredients from the island’s organic farms and surrounding waters.
51. Bom Bom Island Resort (Principe)
Connected to Principe by a wooden walkway, this resort offers charming bungalows on a small islet with two beautiful beaches. The overwater restaurant provides a magical dining experience with waves lapping beneath. The resort serves as an excellent base for exploring Principe’s natural wonders and offers various excursions.
52. Roça Belo Monte Hotel (Principe)
This restored colonial plantation house offers atmospheric accommodation with period furnishings and panoramic ocean views. The hilltop location captures cooling breezes and provides easy access to nearby beaches, including the famous Banana Beach. The property retains much of its historical character while providing modern comforts.
53. Club Santana (Sao Tome)
Located on the east coast, this beachfront resort offers comfortable bungalows and numerous included activities. Guests can enjoy free use of kayaks, paddleboards, and snorkeling equipment, plus organized walks and excursions. The resort houses the Atlantic Diving Center and serves as a departure point for boat trips to Ilhéu das Rolas.
54. Omali Lodge (Sao Tome)
Conveniently located near the airport and capital city, this comfortable hotel features a pool, restaurant, and well-maintained gardens. The modern rooms provide a comfortable base for exploring the island, while the central location makes it ideal for the beginning or end of your trip. The hotel can arrange various excursions and transportation.
55. Praia Inhame Eco Lodge (Sao Tome)
This eco-friendly lodge on the southern coast offers simple but comfortable bungalows steps from a beautiful beach. The relaxed atmosphere and excellent location make it perfect for those seeking to disconnect and enjoy nature. The restaurant serves fresh seafood and local specialties, often featuring ingredients from nearby plantations.
56. Mucumbli Lodge (Sao Tome)
Located on the less-visited west coast, this eco-lodge offers rustic charm and spectacular sunset views. The property serves as an excellent base for exploring the western forests and beaches, with bicycle rentals and guided hikes available. The restaurant specializes in traditional Santomean cuisine using locally sourced ingredients.
Culinary Delights
57. Roça São João Restaurant
Run by celebrity chef João Carlos Silva, this plantation restaurant offers a nine-course tasting menu showcasing the islands’ unique cuisine. Each dish tells a story of cultural influences and local ingredients, presented with artistic flair. The open kitchen allows diners to watch the preparation of their meal, adding an educational element to the culinary experience.
58. Claudio Corallo Chocolate Tasting
Experience some of the world’s finest chocolate through guided tastings at the Claudio Corallo factory in São Tomé city. Learn how this Italian chocolatier has perfected the art of growing and processing cacao to minimize bitterness without adding vanilla or excess sugar. The tasting progresses from raw cacao beans to finished products of varying cocoa percentages.
59. Mercado Central (Central Market)
Immerse yourself in local food culture at São Tomé city’s bustling central market, where vendors sell fresh seafood, tropical fruits, and local specialties. The vibrant atmosphere and colorful displays offer excellent photography opportunities and insights into daily life. Adventurous eaters can try local snacks and street food from small vendors around the market.
60. Calulu Fish Stew
Sample this traditional Santomean dish featuring fish slow-cooked with palm oil, vegetables, and aromatic herbs at local restaurants throughout the islands. The complex flavors reflect the blend of African and Portuguese influences that characterize the islands’ cuisine. Each family and restaurant has their own variation of this beloved national dish.
61. Monte Café Coffee Experience
Visit the National Coffee Museum at Roça Monte Café to learn about coffee production and sample the islands’ distinctive arabica beans. The guided tour explains the entire process from cultivation to roasting, with opportunities to purchase freshly roasted coffee. The high-altitude growing conditions and volcanic soil contribute to the coffee’s unique flavor profile.
62. Jackfruit Curry
Try this popular vegetarian dish that showcases the versatility of jackfruit, which grows abundantly throughout the islands. When cooked, young jackfruit has a texture similar to pulled meat, making it perfect for hearty curries and stews. The dish typically incorporates coconut milk and local spices for a rich, satisfying meal.
63. Fresh Seafood at Praia Piscina
Enjoy freshly caught fish and seafood prepared simply over open fires at small beachside restaurants near Praia Piscina. The catch of the day is often served with local sides like breadfruit, plantains, and fresh tropical fruit. The casual setting right on the beach adds to the authentic experience of island dining.
Travel Planning Essentials
Planning a trip to Sao Tome and Principe requires some preparation, but the reward is an authentic experience in one of Africa’s least-visited destinations. Here are some practical tips to help you make the most of your adventure:
Getting There & Around
TAP Air Portugal operates direct flights from Lisbon to São Tomé several times weekly, with a brief stop in Accra (passengers remain onboard). TAAG Angola Airlines also connects Luanda to São Tomé three times weekly. On the islands, renting a car offers the most flexibility, though guided tours and hotel transfers are widely available. Regular flights connect São Tomé to Principe, making it easy to visit both islands.
Best Time to Visit
The dry seasons (June to September and December to February) offer the most pleasant weather for exploring. The main turtle nesting season runs from November to February, while whale watching is best from July to October. Even during the rainy seasons, mornings are often clear, with showers typically occurring in the afternoons.
Accommodation
Book accommodations well in advance, especially on Principe where options are limited. Properties range from luxury eco-resorts to simple guesthouses, with most including half-board meal plans. Many hotels can arrange airport transfers and excursions, simplifying your planning process.
Connectivity & Payments
Internet access can be limited and unreliable on the islands. To stay connected during your adventure, consider getting an eSIM before your trip. Get an Egypt eSIM to stay connected and ensure you can share your amazing experiences in real-time.
Ready to Experience Sao Tome & Principe?
Start planning your adventure to this hidden paradise with the best deals on flights and accommodations. The sooner you book, the better rates you’ll find for this unique destination.
Conclusion
Sao Tome and Principe offers a rare opportunity to experience a destination that tourism has barely touched. From pristine beaches and virgin rainforests to historic plantations and vibrant cultural traditions, these islands reward adventurous travelers with authentic experiences increasingly difficult to find in our interconnected world. Whether you’re snorkeling in crystal-clear waters, hiking through misty forests to hidden waterfalls, sampling world-class chocolate, or simply relaxing on a deserted beach, Sao Tome and Principe provides the perfect antidote to modern life’s constant connectivity and crowds. As you plan your visit to this remarkable destination, remember that its unspoiled character is precisely what makes it special—travel respectfully, support local communities, and embrace the islands’ laid-back “leve-leve” (slowly-slowly) philosophy.
